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of high and volatile inflation, banks price in an elevated inflation premium when setting loan rates, whereas low and stable inflation reduces risks to banks.

quantitative inflation target • The target is an annual inflation rate of close to 4%. The target is effective on a permanent basis. • The inflation rate

of inflation and inflation expectations as well as the analysis of risks posed by domestic and external conditions. Given the monetary policy stance, annual inflation

of inflation and inflation expectations as well as the analysis of risks posed by domestic and external conditions. Given the monetary policy stance, annual inflation

market inflation expectations Financial market inflation expectations are a critical factor to be taken into account when analysing the effectiveness of monetary policy and inflation

INFLATION BY GROUP OF GOODS AND SERVICES (PP)............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Table 8 Fruit and Inflation over Non-core Food products Non-food goods Services Core inflation vegetables period, % inflation

Kumar, S., Coibion, O., Afrouzi, H., и Gorodnichenko, Y. (2015). Inflation targeting does not anchor inflation expectations: Evidence from firms in New Zealand. Brookings Papers

provide they mean inflation expectations, but also the relative probabilities (ranks) of inflation tail values. For respondents’ convenience, answers are structured by inflation value buckets

2026 Expected inflation (one year) Expected inflation (one year), three-month average Expected inflation (five years) Observed inflation Observed inflation, three-month average Annual inflation Sources: InFOM,

to InFOM’s survey, one-year-ahead inflation expectations of households were 13.7% in August compared to 14.7% in July. Inflation expectations declined among respondents