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debt, $bn Reserves, $bn Developed countries Emerging countries Russia 800 120% External debt/GDP 2019 = 27% 700 Reserves/GDP 2019 = 34% 98% 104% Reserves cover

Payments from Changes in the Federal Funds Rate. 5 Statistics of the Reserve Bank of Australia. Regulation of Risks Related to a Potential Wide Use

Current and capital account balance 33 56 43 29 Financial account (excluding reserve assets) 50 31 17 11 Government and the central bank -1 -5

of banks’ required reserves with the Bank of Russia -0.1 0 0.0 -0.1 2. Change in free bank reserves (correspondent accounts)*** (demand

Reserves Ratios (percent) Required reserve ratio Required reserve ratio Required reserve ratio No. 3 (334) Bank of Russia Statistical Bulletin Required reserve ratio Required reserve

Annual return on investments of pension reserves was 5.8%. Investment results for both pension savings and pension reserves were worse than in 2019 due

i.e. they qualified as instruments for investing pension savings and insurance reserves of a non-governmental pension fund over the period under consideration. Such transactions

of Russia ordinance, which stipulates the easing of the regulation of stabilisation reserve for several accounting groups. This will expand capital formation opportunities for insurance

the Bank of Russia Research Advisory Board and external reviewers. All rights reserved. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors

M. (2008). «Does natural rate variation matter? Evidence from New Zealand». В: Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series. Laxton, J., I. Ermolaev, C.